廣東高考英語試卷真題答案解析及點評（WORD文字版）

2024-05-27 06:12:14 大風車考試網

2015年普通高等學校招生全國統一考試(廣東卷)

英語

本試卷共12頁，三大題，滿分135分。考試用時120分鐘。

注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、試室號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型(B)填涂在答題卡相應位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。

2.選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案信息點涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。

3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區域內相應位置上;如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案，不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。

4.考生必須保持答題卷和答題卡的整潔，考試結束后，將試卷、答題卷和答題卡一并交回。

I語言知識及應用(共兩節，滿分45分)

第一節完形填空(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Howlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis___1___tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive??ifheorsheis___2___healthyandlucky.Somescientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce___3___.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand___4___die.

Eventhoughwecan’tliveforever,wearelivinga___5___lifethaneverbefore.In1900,theaverageAmericanlifespan(壽命)wasonly47years,buttodayitis75years!

Whendoesoldagebeginthen?Sixty-fivemaybeout-of-dateasthe___6___linebetweenmiddleageandoldage.Afterall,manyolderpeopledon’tbegintoexperiencephysicalandmental___7___untilafterage75.

Peoplearelivinglongerbecausemorepeople___8___childhood.Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,manychildrendiedofcommonchildhood___9___.Nowthatthechancesofdying___10___aremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetobetterdietsandhealthcare.

Onthewhole,ourpopulationisgettingolder.The___11___inourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswillbefortheworse,whilesomesee___12___,notdisaster,manymenandwomenintheir“goldenyears”arehealthy,stillactive,andyoungin___13___ifnotinage.

Asthesocietygrowsold,weneedthe___14___ofouroldercitizens.Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedto___15___activeanddevoted.

1.A.designedB.selectedC.improvedD.discovered

2.A.completelyB.generallyC.apparentlyD.extremely

3.A.rapidlyB.harmlesslyC.endlesslyD.separately

4.A.eventuallyB.hopelesslyC.automaticallyD.desperately

5.A.busierB.longerC.richerD.happier

6.A.finishingB.guidingC.waitingD.piding

7.A.stressB.damageC.declineD.failure

8.A.surviveB.enjoyC.rememberD.value

9.A.problemsB.fearsC.worriesD.diseases

10.A.poorB.youngC.sickD.quiet

11.A.changesB.recoveryC.safetyD.increases

12.A.dreamsB.chancesC.strengthsD.choices

13.A.mindB.appearanceC.voiceD.movement

14.A.protectionB.suggestionsC.contributionsD.permission

15.A.soundB.appearC.turnD.stay

第二節語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)

閱讀下面短文,按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求,在空格處填入一個適當的詞或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空,并將答案填寫在答題卡標號為16-25的相應位置上。

Mr.Johnsonlivedinthewoodswithhiswifeandchildren.Heowned___16___farm,whichlookedalmostabandoned.___17___(lucky),healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.Hesoldorexchangedsomeofthemilkinthetownsnearly___18___otherfoodandmadecheeseandbutterforthefamilywithwhat___19___(leave).Thecowwastheironlymeansofsupport,infact.Oneday,thecowwaseatinggrass___20___itbegantorainheavily.Whilemakinggreateffortstorunaway,she___21___(fall)overthehillanddied.ThentheJohnsontriedtomakealiving___22___thecow.Inordertosupporthisfamily,Mr.Johnsonbegantoplantherbsandvegetables.Sincetheplantstookawhiletogrow,hestartedcuttingdowntrees___23___(sell)thewood.Thinkingabouthischildren’sclothes,hestartedgrowingcottontoo.Whenharvestcamearound,hewasalreadysellingherbs,vegetablesandcottoninthemarket___24___peoplefromthetownmetregularly.Nowitoccurredto___25___thathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.

II閱讀(共兩節，25題，滿分50分)

第一節閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

Peterlovedtoshopusedarticles.Almostamonthago,heboughtpopularwordgamethatusedlittlepiecesofwoodwithdifferentlettersonthem.Ashewaspurchasingit,thesalesgirlsaid,“Uh,look,thegameboxhaven’tevenbeenopenedyet.Thatmightbeworthsomemoney.”

Peterexaminedthebox,and,sureenough,itwascompletelycoveredinfactory-sealedplastic.Andhesawadateof1973onthebackofthebox.

“Youshouldputthatupforauction(拍賣)ontheInternet,andseewhathappens.”thesalesgirlsaid.

“Yes,you’reright.Peoplelikesomethingrare.”Peteragreed,“Ican’timaginetherebeingverymanyunopenedboxesofthisgamestillaround40yearslater.”

“Don’tforgettotellmeifyousellit.”thesalesgirlsmiled.

“Noproblem.”Petersaid.

Afterhegothome,Peterwentonlinetoseveralauctionwebsiteslookingforhisgame.Buthecouldn’tfindit.ThenhetypedinthenameofthewordgameandhitSearch.Thesearchresultwas543websitescontaininginformationaboutthechangesofthegame.Overtheyears,thegamehadbeenproducedusinglettersindifferentsizesandgameboardsindifferentcolors.Healsofoundsomelistsofgamefanslookingforvariousversionsofthegame.Peteremailedsomeofthem,tellingthemwhathehad.

Twoweekslater,Peterwentbacktotheshop.

“Hello.Doyoustillremembertheunopenedwordgame?”

Thesalesgirllookedathimforasecond,thenrecognizedhimandsaid,“Oh,hi!”

“I’vegotsomethingforyou,”Petersaid.“Isoldthegameandmade$1,000.Thankyouforyoursuggestion.”Hehandedherthree$100bills.

“Wow!”thesalesgirlcriedout.“Thankyou,Ineverexpectedit.”

26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPeter’swordgame?

A.Itwasmadearound40yearsago.

B.Ithadgameboardsindifferentsizes.

C.Itwaskeptinaplasticbagwithaseal.

D.Ithadlittlepiecesofwoodindifferentcolors.

27.WhatdidthesalesgirlprobablythinkofPeter’swordgame?

A.Oldandhandy.

B.Rareandvaluable.

C.Classicandattractive.

D.Colorfulandinteresting

28.Petergotthenamesofthegamefansfrom_________.

A.anauction

B.theInternet

C.agameshop

D.thesecond-handshop

29.Whathappenedattheendofthestory?

A.Petergavethegirl$300asareward.

B.ThesalesgirlbecamePeter’sfriend.

C.Peterreturnedthewordgamefor$1,000.

D.ThesalesgirlfeltconfusedtoseePeteragain.

30.Whatisthemainthemeofthestory?

A.It’simportanttokeepapromise.

B.It’sgreattoshareinotherpeople’shappiness.

C.Weshouldbegratefulforthehelpfromothers.

D.Somethingrareisworthalargeamountofmoney.

WhenIwasnineyearsold,Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.Buttheonlythingthatwasn’tveryfunaboutitwasthathecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn’tcatchanything.IusuallygotPttyupsetandkeptaskinghimwhy.Healwaysanswered,“Son,ifyouwanttocatchafish,youhavetothinklikeafish”,Irememberbeingevenmoreupsetthenbecause,“I’mnotafish!”Ididn’tknowhowtothinklikeafish.Besides,Ireasoned,howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?

AsIgotalittleolderIbegantounderstandwhatmydadreallymeant.So,Ireadsomebooksonfish.AndIevenjoinedthelocalfishingclubandstartedattendingthemonthlymeetings.Ilearnedthatafishisacold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisverysensitivetowatertemperature.ThatiswhyfishPfershallowwatertodeepwaterbecausetheformeriswarmer.Besides,waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlightthanintheshade.Yet,fishdon’thaveanyeyelids(眼皮)andthesunhutstheireyes…ThemoreIunderstoodfish,themoreIbecameeffectiveatfindingandcatchingthem..

WhenIgrewupandenteredthebusinessworld,Irememberhearingmyfirstbosssay,“Weallneedtothinklikesalespeople.”Butitdidn’tcompletelymakesense.Mydadneveroncesaid,“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”Whathesaidwas,“Youneedtothinklikeafish.”Yearslater,withgreateffortstopromotelong-termservicestopeoplemucholderandricherthanme,Igraduallylearnedwhatweallneedistothinkmorelikecustomers.Itisnotaneasyjob.Iwillshowyouhowinthefollowingchapters.

31.Whywastheauthorupsetinfishingtripswhenhewasnine?

A.Hecouldnotcatchafish.

B.Hisfatherwasnotpatientwithhim.

C.Hisfatherdidnotteachhimfishing.

D.Hecouldnotinfluenceafishashisfatherdid.

32.Whatdidtheauthor’sfatherreallymean?

A.Toreadaboutfish.

B.Tolearnfishingbyoneself.

C.Tounderstandwhatfishthink.

D.Tostudyfishinginmanyways.

33.Accordingtotheauthor,fisharemostlikelytobefound_________.

A.indeepwateronsunnydays

B.indeepwateroncloudydays

C.inshallowwaterundersunlight

D.inshallowwaterunderwatersidetrees.

34.Afterenteringthebusinessworld,theauthorfound_________.

A.iteasytothinklikeacustomer

B.hisfather’sfishingadviceinspiring

C.hisfirstboss’ssalesideasreasonable

D.itdifficulttosellservicestopoorpeople

35.Thispassagemostlikelycomesfrom_________.

A.afishingguide

B.apopularsalesbook

C.anovelonchildhood

D.amillionaire’sbiography

DanielAnderson,afamouspsychologist,believesit’simportanttodistinguishtelevision’sinfluencesonchildrenfromthoseofthefamily.WetendtoblameTV,hesays,forproblemsitdoesn’treallycause,overlookingourownrolesinshapingchildren’sminds.

Onetraditionalbeliefabouttelevisionisthatitreducesachild’sabilitytothinkandtounderstandtheworld.WhilewatchingTV,childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages(影像).Instead,theylearnbothexplicitandhiddenmeaningsfromwhattheysee.Actually,childrenlearnearlythepsychologyofcharactersinTVshows.Furthermore,asmanyteachersagree,childrenunderstandfarmorewhenparentswatchTVwiththem,explainingnewwordsandideas.Yet,mostparentsuseaneducationalprogramasachancetoparktheirkidsinfrontofthesetanddosomethinginanotherroom.

Anotherargumentagainsttelevisionisthatitreplacesreadingasaformofentertainment.ButaccordingtoAnderson,theamountoftimespentwatchingtelevisionisnotrelatedtoreadingability.TVdoesn’ttaketheplaceofreadingformostchildren;ittakestheplaceofsimilarsortsofrecreation,suchaslisteningtotheradioandplayingsports.Thingslikeparents’educationalbackgroundhaveastrongerinfluenceonachild’sreading.“Achild’sreadingabilityisbestPdictedbyhowmuchaparentreads.”Andersonsays.

Traditionalwisdomalsohasitthatheavytelevision-watchinglowersIQ(智商)scoresandaffectsschoolperformance.Buthere,too,Andersonnotesthatnostudieshaveprovedit.Infact,researchsuggeststhatit’stheotherwayaround.“Ifyou’resmartyoung,you’llwatchlessTVwhenyou’reolder,”Andersonsays.Yet,peopleoflowerIQtendtobelifelongtelevisionviewers.

Foryearsresearchershaveattemptedtoshowthattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.However,byshowingthattelevisionpromotesnoneofthedangerouseffectsasconventionallybelieved,Andersonsuggeststhattelevisioncannotbecondemnedwithoutconsideringotherinfluences.

36.BywatchingTV,childrenlearn_________.

A.imagesthroughwords

B.morethanexplicitmeanings

C.moreaboutimagesthanwords

D.littleaboutpeople’spsychology

37.Aneducationalprogramisbestwatchedbyachild_________.

A.onhisown

B.withotherkids

C.withhisparents

D.withhisteachers

38.Whichofthefollowingismostrelatedtochildren’sreadingability?

A.Radio-listening

B.Television-watching

C.Parents’readinglist

D.Parents’educationalbackground

39.Andersonbelievedthat_________.

A.themoreachildwatchesTV,thesmarterheis

B.theyoungerachildis,themorehewatchesTV

C.thesmarterachildis,thelesslikelyhegetsaddictedtoTV

D.thelessachildwatchesTV,thebetterheperformsatschool

40.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.ToadviseontheeducationaluseofTV.

B.TodescribeTV’sharmfuleffectsonchildren.

C.ToexplaintraditionalviewsonTVinfluences.

D.ToPsentAnderson’sunconventionalideas.

ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclassdistinction.Eachclasshaduniquecharacteristics.

Inrecentyears,manywritershavebeguntospeakthe'declineofclass'and'classlesssociety'inBritain.Andinmoderndayconsumersocietyeveryoneisconsideredtobemiddleclass.

Butpronouncingthedeathofclassistooearly.Arecentwide-rangingsocietyofpublicopinionfound90percentofpeoplestillplacingthemselvesinparticularclass;73percentagreedthatclasswasstillavitalpartofBritishsociety;and52percentthoughttherewerestillsharpclassdifferences.Thus,classmaynotbeculturallyandpoliticallyobvious,yetitremainsanimportantpartofBritishsociety.Britainseemstohavealoveofstratification.

OneunchangingaspectofaBritishperson'sclasspositionisaccent.Thewordsapersonspeakstellherorhisclass.AstudyofBritishaccentsduring1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice,Mostpeoplesaidthisaccentsounded'educated'and'soft'.Theaccentsplacedatthebottominthisstudy,ontheotherhand,wereregional(地區的)cityaccents.Theseaccentswereseenas'common'and'ugly'.However,asimilarstudyofBritishaccentsintheUSturnedtheseresultsupsidedownandplacedsomeregionalaccentsasthemostattractiveandBBCEnglishastheleast.ThissuggeststhatBritishattitudestowardsaccenthavedeeprootsandarebasedonclassPjudice.

Inrecentyears,however,younguppermiddle-classpeopleinLondon,havebeguntoadoptsomeregionalaccents,inordertohidetheirclassorigins.Thisisanindicationofclassbecomingunnoticed.However,the1995popsong'CommonPeople'putsforwardtheviewthatthoughamiddle-classpersonmay'wanttolivelikecommonpeople'theycanneverapPciatetherealityofaworking-classlife.

41.ArecentstudyofpublicopinionshowsthatinmodernBritain________.

A.itistimetoendclassdistinction

B.mostpeoplebelongtomiddleclass

C.itiseasytorecognizeaperson’sclass

D.peopleregardthemselvessociallydifferent

42.ThewordstratificationinParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.

A.variety

B.mostpeoplebelongtomiddleclass

C.authority

D.qualification

43.ThestudyintheUSshowedthatBBCEnglishwasregardedas_________.

A.regional

B.educated

C.Pjudiced

D.unattractive

44.Britishattitudestowardsaccent_________.

A.havealongtradition

B.arebasedonregionalstatus

C.aresharedbytheAmericans

D.havechangedinrecentyears

45.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Themiddleclassisexpanding

B.Aperson’saccentreflectshisclass

C.ClassisakeypartofBritishsociety

D.Eachclasshasuniquecharacteristics.

第三節信息匹配(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)

請閱讀下列應用文及相關信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請在答題卡上將對應題號的相應選項字母涂黑。

首先閱讀下列活動介紹：

請根據以下人物介紹選擇他們可能參加的活動：

46.EdwardLeonardoNorton,connoisseurofChineseandJapaneseantiques.HehasastronginterestinclassicalChineseliteraryworks.HeevenstartsgoingtoeveningclassestolearnclassicalChineseatColumbiaUniversity.

47.DaphneSui-yuanTan,formerdirectorofNationalAssociationofPhotographers.AfterreadingsomehistorybooksonhowthefirstgroupofChineseimmigrantssurvivedinAmericaofthe19thcentury,shehasbecomekeenonherownfamilyhistoryandthatofothers.

48.SharonCollins,popsingerandamateurphotographer.Hermarriagewithaseriousmusiccritichasdrawnhertohisworld,sosheisnowcrazyaboutclassicalmusicandwillnotmissanychancetoattendaconcertwithherhusband.

49.MichelleHiggins,eminentphotographerandcolumnistforquiteafewinternationally-knowntravelmagazines.Recently,shehasshowngreatinterestinphotoexhibitswhichfeatureyoungartistswithIslamicorChinesebackground.

50.CarolineHugo,famouswriterandinfluentialmoviecritic.LastyearherfantasystorywhichinvolvedthemysteriousForbiddenCityreceivedcriticalacclaim.NowsheisconceivingaromancethathasShanghaiofthe1930sasthesetting.

III寫作(共兩節，滿分40分)

第一節基礎寫作(共1小題，滿分15分)

你接受了一項寫作任務，為英語校報寫一篇科技報道。

[寫作內容]

請根據以下信息，介紹國外醫療行業出現的一項新技術。內容包括：

技術名稱：DNA檢測

檢測方法：唾液樣本分析

檢測費用：125英鎊

檢測時長：4到6周

檢測用途：1.預測重大疾病

2.預知食物偏好

3.提示合適的鍛煉方式

檢測影響：1.增強健康意識

2.易引起過度焦慮

*唾液樣本：salivasample

[寫作要求]

只能用5個句子表達全部內容;

[評分標準]

句子結構準確，信息內容完整，篇章連貫。

第四節讀寫任務(共1小題，滿分25分)

Sallywalkedontotheplatform,pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteontheblackboard:“Rule1:Wearefamily!“Allstudentsstoppedtolookather.AndshecontinuedwithRule2,Rule3…Inthefollowingweeks,Sallyworkedout10classrulesandpostedthemonthewallsoftheclassroom.Shepatientlyexplainedalltherulestothestudentsandrequireeveryonetofollowthem.

Surprisingly,Sallywasnotdrivenoutliketheformerteachers;instead,shewonrespectfromthestudents.Overtheyear,shewitnessedgradualchangeintheclass.Atthegraduationceremony,justassheexpected,shewasveryproudtostandwithaclassofcare,mannersandconfidence.

[寫作內容]

1.用約30個詞概括上文的主要內容。

2.用約120個詞就班規談談你的想法，內容包括：

(1)你們班最突出的問題是什么?

(2)針對該問題你會設計一條什么班規?

(3)你認為班規會帶來什么影響?

[寫作要求]

1.作文中可以使用親身經歷或虛構的故事，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容，但不得直接引用原文的句子。

2.作文中不得出現真實姓名和學校名稱。

[評分標準]

概括準確，語言規范，內容合適，篇章連貫。

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